Repair missing or corrupt Windows BCD and boot files

Windows Recovery reports 0xc000000f, states that Boot Configuration Data is missing or contains errors, or identifies \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD or \Boot\BCD as unavailable.

The same BCD or boot-file mechanism can present under several Windows Recovery codes. The on-screen File path and message determine whether this writeup applies.

Also search the exact File value shown on the Recovery screen, such as \BCD, \Boot\BCD, \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD, \bootmgr, \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi, or \Windows\System32\winload.efi. A code without the named file is not enough to distinguish BCD damage from storage, registry, driver, or hardware failure.

Use this procedure when the Windows volume is readable, the boot/system partition can be detected, and the error or inspection indicates missing or damaged boot files or BCD data.

Do not assume every 0xc000000f screen is BCD corruption. Stop if the system drive disappears, firmware settings recently changed, the named failure is a different system file, or hardware diagnostics report a fault.

The exact build and original cause may remain unknown. The installed boot architecture, Windows volume, and system partition must be detected.

Related cases:

Repair “A required device isn't connected or can't be accessed” errors
Repair BCD that does not contain valid operating-system information
Use Startup Repair for a confirmed boot-record or BCD startup failure

Before you start:

Windows Recovery Environment or installation media
Command Prompt
Readable Windows and system partitions
Free space on the Windows volume for a backup

Select Repair your computer > Troubleshoot > Advanced options > Command Prompt. In the examples, W: is the already-identified Windows volume and S: is the detected boot/system partition.

Do not assume the Windows volume is C: in recovery.
Do not format the ESP or System Reserved partition.
Do not run every bootrec command indiscriminately.
Do not delete a BCD store before preserving it.
Do not rebuild the BCD merely because 0xc000000f appeared without checking disks and paths.

Stop if the drive disappears, the error changes to a named kernel or driver file, or the correct system partition cannot be determined.

Check the cause

Inspect disks and volumes:
```
diskpart
list disk
list volume
```
Map the already-identified Windows volume to its disk, then display that disk's partitions:
```
select volume W
detail volume
select disk <Windows-disk-number>
list partition
```
Determine the installed boot architecture:
- GPT disk plus a FAT32 EFI System Partition indicates UEFI.
- MBR disk plus an NTFS System Reserved or active system partition indicates BIOS/MBR.

Select the detected system partition, inspect it, and assign S:

select partition <system-partition-number>
detail partition
assign letter=S
exit

Confirm the Windows source files:

dir W:\Windows\System32\winload.*
dir W:\Windows\System32\Config\BCD-Template

For UEFI, inspect:

dir S:\EFI\Microsoft\Boot
bcdedit /store S:\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD /enum all /v

For BIOS/MBR, inspect:

dir S:\Boot
bcdedit /store S:\Boot\BCD /enum all /v

If BCDEdit enumerates a coherent store and the entries point to the intended installation, reconsider whether BCD corruption is actually the cause before rebuilding it.

A confirmed boot-record failure may be tested once with Windows Recovery Startup Repair before manual reconstruction. Preserve the exact failure if it cannot repair the installation. Do not select a different firmware boot mode merely because a historical case used it.

UEFI/GPT branch

Create the backup directory:
```
md W:\BootRepairBackup
```

If the existing BCD can be read, preserve it:

copy S:\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD W:\BootRepairBackup\BCD-before-0xc000000f-repair

Attempt the non-destructive repair first:
```
bcdboot W:\Windows /s S: /f UEFI /v
```
Restart and test Windows.
If the identical BCD error remains and the BCD store was unreadable or demonstrably corrupt, return to Command Prompt. Preserve the bad store under a new name rather than deleting it:
```
attrib -h -s -r S:\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD
ren S:\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD BCD.bad
```
Create a fresh store from the installed Windows template:
```
bcdboot W:\Windows /s S: /f UEFI /v
```
If Windows Boot Manager is also absent from firmware and only one ESP exists, refresh the NVRAM entry:
```
bcdboot W:\Windows /p /v
```

BIOS/MBR branch

Back up the store:

md W:\BootRepairBackup
copy S:\Boot\BCD W:\BootRepairBackup\BCD-before-0xc000000f-repair

Recreate the BIOS boot files on the detected system partition:
```
bcdboot W:\Windows /s S: /f BIOS /v
```
Do not change Active flags unless inspection proves the wrong partition is active. That is a separate condition.

Check the result

Windows starts twice without recovery.
bcdedit /enum all /v works from the running system.
The Windows loader uses the intended device and system root.
Intentional secondary entries remain present or are re-added deliberately.
Boot files successfully created and Windows starts: Repair succeeded.
BCDBoot succeeds but the same screen returns: Recheck which system partition firmware actually uses and whether another disk contains the active boot files.
BCDBoot cannot copy files: Stop and confirm the Windows directory, file-system state, free space, and selected system partition.
The BCD store is readable and internally coherent: The error code may be a symptom of firmware, storage, or another boot-file problem rather than BCD corruption.

To undo the change:

If a newly generated store removes an intentional entry, return to WinRE and preserve the new store. Then restore the prior BCD file from W:\BootRepairBackup to its original path. If the original store was corrupt, restore only long enough to extract or compare intentional loader information; do not expect it to boot reliably.

Windows Recovery code	Windows status name	Typical searchable wording or condition
`0xc0000001`	`STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL`	A generic Recovery failure. Use this writeup only when the screen or log also identifies BCD, Windows Boot Manager, `winload.efi`, or the boot files.
`0xc000000d`	`STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER`	The Boot Configuration Data file is missing some required information or the BCD data is malformed.
`0xc000000e`	`STATUS_NO_SUCH_DEVICE`	A required device isn't connected or can't be accessed; BCD points to a missing or inaccessible device.
`0xc000000f`	`STATUS_NO_SUCH_FILE`	The Boot Configuration Data for your PC is missing or contains errors, often naming `\BCD`, `\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BCD`, or a missing boot file.
`0xc0000034`	`STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND`	The Boot Configuration Data file is missing some required information or a required BCD object is absent.
`0xc0000098`	`STATUS_FILE_INVALID`	The Boot Configuration Data file doesn't contain valid information for an operating system.
`0xc000014c`	`STATUS_REGISTRY_CORRUPT`	Recovery names `\Boot\BCD` or says the BCD is missing/corrupt. If it names `\Windows\System32\config\SYSTEM`, use a registry-hive repair procedure instead.
`0xc0000185`	`STATUS_IO_DEVICE_ERROR`	A required device isn't connected or can't be accessed, or an I/O failure prevents the BCD/EFI path from being read.
`0xc0000225`	`STATUS_NOT_FOUND`	A required device isn't connected or can't be accessed or a required BCD object cannot be found.